]> North Carolina State University

Department of Computer Science 890 Oval Drive Campus Box 8206 Raleigh, NC 27695-8206 USA mshahza@ncsu.edu

North Carolina State University

Department of Computer Science 890 Oval Drive Campus Box 8206 Raleigh, NC 27695-8206 USA hassaniqbal931@gmail.com

Cisco Systems

Richtistrasse 7 Wallisellen CH-8304 Switzerland +41 44 878 9200 lear@cisco.com

Internet-Draft The initial core schema for SCIM (System for Cross-domain Identity Management) was designed for provisioning users. This memo specifies schema extensions that enables provisioning of devices, using various underlying bootstrapping systems, such as Wi-fi Easy Connect, FIDO device onboarding vouchers, BLE passcodes, and MAC authenticated bypass.

Introduction The Internet of Things presents a management challenge in many dimensions. One of them is the ability to onboard and manage large number of devices. There are many models for bootstrapping trust between devices and network deployments. Indeed it is expected that different manufacturers will make use of different methods. SCIM (System for Cross-domain Identity Management) defines a protocol and a schema for provisioning of users. However, it can easily be extended to provision device credentials and other attributes into a network. The protocol and core schema were designed to permit just such extensions. Bulk operations are supported. This is good because often devices are procured in bulk. A primary purpose of this specification is to provision the network for onboarding and communications access to and from devices within a local deployment based on the underlying capabilities of those devices. The underlying security mechanisms of some devices range from non-existent such as the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) "Just Works" pairing method to a robust FIDO Device Onboard (FDO) mechanism. Information from the SCIM server is dispatched to control functions based on selected schema extensions to enable these communications within a network. The SCIM database is therefore essentially equivalent to a network's Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) database, and should be carefully managed as such.

Why SCIM for devices? There are a number of existing models that might provide the basis for a scheme for provisioning devices onto a network, including two standardised by the IETF: NETCONF or RESTCONF with YANG . SCIM was chosen for the following reasons: NETCONF and RESTCONF focus on configuration rather than provisioning. SCIM is designed with inter-domain provisioning in mind. The use of HTTP as a substrate permits both user-based authentication for local provisioning applications, as well as OAUTH or certificate- based authentication. The inter-domain nature of these operations does not expose local policy, which itself must be (and often is) configured with other APIs, many of which are not standardized. SCIM is also a familiar tool within the enterprise enviroment, used extensively to configure federated user accounts. Finally, once one chooses a vehicle such as SCIM, one is beholden to its data model. The SCIM data model is more targeted to provisioning as articulated in . This taken together with the fact that end devices are not intended to be directly configured leave us with SCIM as the best standard option.

Protocol Participants In the normal SCIM model, it was presumed that large federated deployments would be SCIM clients who provision and remove employees and contractors as they enter and depart those deployments, and federated services such as sales, payment, or conferencing services would be the servers. In the device model, the roles are reversed, and may be somewhat more varied. The SCIM server resides within a deployment and is used for receiving information about devices that are expected to be connected to its network. That server will apply appropriate local policies regarding whether/how the device should be connected. The client may be one of a number of entities: A vendor who is authorized to add devices to a network as part of a sales transaction. This is similar to the sales integration sometimes envisioned by Bootstrapping Remote Key Infrastructure (BRSKI) . A client application that administrators or employees use to add, remove, or get information about devices. An example might be an tablet or phone app that scans Wi-fi Easy Connect QR codes.

| SCIM | | | app |<-------------| Server | | +-----------+ Ctrl Endpt +---------+ | | | | | |(device info) | | v | +-----------+ | +------------+ +-------+ | | Control |...........|..| ALG |.........|device | | | App | | +------------+ +-------+ | +-----------+ | | | Local network | +-----------------------------------+ ]]>

In , the onboarding application (app) provides the device particulars, which will vary based on the type of device, as indicated by the selection of schema extensions. As part of the response, the SCIM server might provide additional information, especially in the case of non-IP devices, where an application-layer gateway may need to be used to communicate with the device (c.f., ). The control endpoint is one among a number of objects that may be returned. That control endpoint will then communicate with the application layer gateway (ALG) to reach the device.

| SCIM |-->| AAA|<-->|switch| | | app |<-------------| Server | +----+ +------+ | +-----------+ Ctrl Endpt +---------+ | | | | | +-----------+ | +------------+ +-------+ | | Control |...........|..| router/fw |.........|device | | | App | | +------------+ +-------+ | +-----------+ | | | Local network | +------------------------------------+ ]]>

shows how IP-based endpoints can be provisioned. In this case, the onboarding application provisions a device via SCIM. The necessary information is passed to the Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) subsystem, such that the device is permitted to connect. Once it is online, since the device is based on IP, it will not need an ALG, but will use the normal IP infrastructure to communicate with its control application.

Schema Description RFC 7643 does not prescribe a language to describe a schema, but instead uses narrative description with examples. We follow that approach. In addition, we provide non-normative JSON Schema and OpenAPI versions in the appendices for ease of implementation, neither of which existed when SCIM was originally developed. The only difference the authors note between the normative schema representations is that JSON Schema and OpenAPI do not have a means to express case sensitivity, and thus attributes that are not case sensitive must be manually validated. Several additional schemas specify specific onboarding mechanisms, such as Bluetooth Low energy (BLE) , Wi-fi Easy Connect , and FIDO Device Onboard .

Schema Representation Attributes defined in the device core schema and extensions comprise characteristics and SCIM datatypes defined in Sections 2.2 and 2.3 of . This specification does not define new characteristics and datatypes for the SCIM attributes.

Terminology The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here. The reader is also expected to be familiar with the narrative schema language used in .

ResourceType Device A new resource type 'Device' is specified. The "ResourceType" schema specifies the metadata about a resource type (see Section 6 of ). It comprises a core device schema and several extension schemas. This schema provides a minimal resource representation, whereas extension schemas extend it depending on the device's capability.

Common Attributes The Device schema contains three common attributes as defined in Section 3.1 of . No semantic or syntax changes are made here, but the attributes are listed merely for completeness.

id:

A required and unique attribute of the core device schema (see section 3.1 of ).

externalId:

An optional attribute (see section 3.1 of ).

meta:

A complex attribute and is required (see section 3.1 of ).

SCIM Core Device Schema The core device schema provides the minimal representation of a resource "Device". It contains only those attributes that any device may need, and only one attribute is required. It is identified using the schema URI: "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device". The following attributes are defined in the core device schema.

Singular Attributes

displayName:

A string that provides a human-readable name for a device. It is intended to be displayed to end-users and should be suitable for that purpose. The attribute is not required, and is not case-sensitive. It may be modified and SHOULD be returned by default. No uniqueness constraints are imposed on this attribute.

active:

A mutable boolean that is required. If set to TRUE, it means that this device is intended to be operational. Attempts to control or access a device where this value is set to FALSE may fail. For example, when used in conjunction with NIPC , commands such as connect, disconnect, subscribe that control application sends to the controller for the devices any command will be rejected by the controller.

mudUrl:

A string that represents the URL to the Manufacturer Usage Description (MUD) file associated with this device. This attribute is optional and mutable. The mudUrl value is case sensitive and not unique. When present, this attribute may be used as described in . This attribute is case sensitive and returned by default.

groups:

An optional read-only complex object that indicates group membership. Its form is precisely the same as that defined in .

Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique displayName F F F RW Def None active F T F RW Def None mudUrl F F T RW Def None groups T F T RO Def n/a

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111", "displayName": "BLE Heart Monitor", "active": true, "meta": { "resourceType": "Device", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/Devices/e9e30dba-f08f -4109-8486-d5c6a3316111" } } ]]>

Groups Device and EndpointApp groups are created using the SCIM groups as defined in . If set, the "type" subattribute of the "members" attribute MUST be set to "Device" for devices and "EndpointApp" for endpoint applications.

Resource Type EndpointApp This section defines the 'EndpointApp' resource type. The "ResourceType" schema specifies the metadata about a resource type (see Section 6 of ). The resource "EndpointApp" represents client applications that can control and/or receive data from the devices.

SCIM EndpointApp Schema The EndpointApp schema is used to authorize control or telemetry services for clients. The schema identifies the application and how clients are to authenticate to the various services. The schema for "EndpointApp" is identified using the schema URI: "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:EndpointApp". The following attributes are defined in this schema.

Common Attributes Like The EndpointApp schema contains the three common attributes specified in Section 3.1 .

Singular Attributes

applicationType:

A string that represents the type of application. It will only contain two values; 'deviceControl' or 'telemetry'. 'deviceControl' is the application that sends commands to control the device. 'telemetry' is the application that receives data from the device. The attribute is required, and is not case-sensitive. The attribute is readOnly and should be returned by default. No uniqueness constraints are imposed on this attribute.

applicationName:

a string that represents a human readable name for the application. This attribute is required and mutable. The attribute should be returned by default and there is no uniqueness contraint on the attribute.

clientToken:

A string contains a token that the client will use to authenticate itself. Each token may be a string up to 500 characters in length. It is not mutable, read-only, generated if no certificateInfo object is provisioned, case sensitive and returned by default if it exists. The SCIM server should expect that client tokens will be shared by the SCIM client with other components within the client's infrastructure. groups:

An optional read-only complex object that indicates group membership. Its form is precisely the same as that defined in .

Complex Attributes

certificateInfo certificateInfo is a complex attribute that contains x509 certificate's subject name and root CA information associated with application clients that will connect for purposes of device control or telemetry.

rootCA:

A base64-encoded string as described in Section 4 a trust anchor certificate. This trust anchor is applicable for certificates used for client application access. The object is not required, singular, case sensitive, and read/write. If not present, a set of trust anchors MUST be configured out of band.

subjectName:

when present, a string taht contains one of two one of two names: a distinguished name as that will be present in the certificate subject field, as described in Section 4.1.2.4 of ; or or a dnsName as part of a subjectAlternateName as described in Section 4.2.1.6 of . In the latter case, servers validating such certificates SHALL reject connections when name of the peer as resolved by a DNS reverse lookup does not match the dnsName in the certificate. If multiple dnsNames are present, it is left to server implementations to address any authorization conflicts associated with those names. This attribute is not required, mutable, singular and NOT case sensitive.

Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique applicationType F T F R Def None applicationName F T F RW Def None clientToken F F T R N None certificateInfo F F F RW Def None rootCA F F T RW Def None subjectName F T T RW Def None Note that either clientToken or certificateInfo are used for the authentication of the application. If certificateInfo is NOT present when an endpointApp is object created, then the server SHOULD return a clientToken. Otherwise, if the server accepts the certificateInfo object for authentication, it SHOULD NOT return a clientToken. If the server accepts and produces a clientToken, then control and telemetry servers MUST validate both. The SCIM client will know that this is the case based on the SCIM object that is returned. certificateInfo is preferred in situations where client functions are federated such that different clients may connect for different purposes.

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:EndpointApp"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316212", "applicationType": "deviceControl", "applicationName": "Device Control App 1", "certificateInfo": { "rootCA" : "MIIBIjAN...", "subjectName": "www.example.com" }, "meta": { "resourceType": "EndpointApp", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/EndpointApps/e9e30dba-f08f -4109-8486-d5c6a3316212" } } ]]>

SCIM Device Extensions SCIM provides various extension schemas, their attributes, JSON representation, and example object. The core schema is extended with a new resource type, Device. No schemaExtensions list is specified in that definition. Instead, IANA registry entries are created, where all values for "required" are set to false. All extensions to the Device schema MUST be registered via IANA, as described in . The schemas below demonstrate how this model is to work. All the SCIM Server related Schema URIs are valid only with Device resource types.

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Extension This schema extends the device schema to represent the devices supporting BLE. The extension is identified using the following schema URI: urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device The attributes are as follows:

Singular Attributes

deviceMacAddress:

A string value that represent a public MAC address assigned by the manufacturer. It is a unique 48-bit value. It is required, case insensitive, is mutable, and is returned by default. The ECMA regular expression pattern is the following:

isRandom:

A boolean flag taken from . If FALSE, the device is using a public MAC address. If TRUE, the device uses a random address. If an Idenifying Resolving Key (IRK) is present, the address represents a resolvable private address. Otherwise, the address is assumed to be a random static address. Non-resolvable private addresses are not supported by this specification. This attribute is not required. It is mutable, and is returned by default. The default value is FALSE.

separateBroadcastAddress:

When present, this string represents an address used for broadcasts/advertisements. This value MUST NOT be set when an IRK is provided. Its form is the same as deviceMacAddress. It is not required, multivalued, mutable, and returned by default.

irk:

A string value that specifies the identity resolving key (IRK), which is unique to each device. It is used to resolve private random address. It should only be provisioned when isRandom is TRUE. It is mutable and never returned. For more information about the use of the IRK, see Section 5.4.5 of .

mobility:

A boolean attribute to enable BLE device mobility. If set to TRUE, the device could be expected to move within a network of APs. For example, BLE device is connected with AP-1 and moves out of range but comes in range of AP-2, it will be disconnected with AP-1 and connects with AP-2. It is returned by default and mutable.

Multivalued Attributes

versionSupport:

A multivalued set of strings that specifies the BLE versions supported by the device in the form of an array. For example, ["4.1", "4.2", "5.0", "5.1", "5.2", "5.3", "5.4"]. It is required, mutable, and return as default.

pairingMethods:

An multivalued set of strings that specifies pairing methods associated with the BLE device. The pairing methods may require sub-attributes, such as key/password, for the device pairing process. To enable the scalability of pairing methods in the future, they are represented as extensions to incorporate various attributes that are part of the respective pairing process. Pairing method extensions are nested inside the BLE extension. It is required, case sensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

BLE Pairing Method Extensions The details on pairing methods and their associated attributes are in section 5.2.4 of . This memo defines extensions for four pairing methods that are nested insided the BLE extension schema. Each extension contains the common attributes . These extension are as follows: (i) pairingNull extension is identified using the following schema URI: urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingNull:2.0:Device pairingNull does not have any attribute. It allows pairing for BLE devices that do not require a pairing method. (ii) pairingJustWorks extension is identified using the following schema URI: urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingJustWorks:2.0:Device Just Works pairing method does not require a key to pair devices. For completeness, the key attribute is included and is set to 'null'. Key attribute is required, immutable, and returned by default. (iii) pairingPassKey extension is identified using the following schema URI: urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey:2.0:Device The passkey pairing method requires a 6-digit key to pair devices. This extension has one singular integer attribute, "key", which is required, mutable and returned by default. The key pattern is as follows:

(iv) pairingOOB extension is identified using the following schema URI: urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0:Device The out-of-band pairing method includes three singular attributes, i.e., key, randomNumber, and confirmationNumber.

key:

A string value, required and received from out-of-band sources such as NFC. It is case sensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

randomNumber:

An integer that represents a nonce added to the key. It is a required attribute. It is mutable and returned by default.

confirmationNumber:

An integer which some solutions require in RESTful message exchange. It is not required. It is mutable and returned by default if it exists.

Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique deviceMacAddress F T F RW Def Manuf isRandom F T F RW Def None sepBroadcastAdd T F F RW Def None irk F F F WO Nev Manuf versionSupport T T F RW Def None mobility F F F RW Def None pairingMethods T T T RW Def None

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111", "displayName": "BLE Heart Monitor", "active": true, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device" : { "versionSupport": ["5.3"], "deviceMacAddress": "2C:54:91:88:C9:E2", "isRandom": false, "separateBroadcastAddress": ["AA:BB:88:77:22:11", "AA:BB:88:77 :22:12"], "mobility": true, "pairingMethods": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension :pairingPassKey:2.0:Device"], "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey:2.0 :Device" : { "key": 123456 } }, "meta": { "resourceType": "Device", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/Devices/e9e30dba-f08f-4109 -8486-d5c6a3316111" } } ]]>

In the above example, the pairing method is "pairingPassKey", which implies that this BLE device pairs using only a passkey. In another example below, the pairing method is "pairingOOB", denoting that this BLE device uses the out-of-band pairing method.

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111", "displayName": "BLE Heart Monitor", "active": true, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device" : { "versionSupport": ["5.3"], "deviceMacAddress": "2C:54:91:88:C9:E2", "isRandom": false, "separateBroadcastAddress": ["AA:BB:88:77:22:11", "AA:BB:88:77 :22:12"], "mobility": true, "pairingMethods": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension :pairingOOB:2.0:Device"], "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0:Device": { "key": "TheKeyvalueRetrievedFromOOB", "randomNumber": 238796813516896 } }, "meta": { "resourceType": "Device", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/Devices/e9e30dba-f08f-4109 -8486-d5c6a3316111" } } ]]>

However, a device can have more than one pairing method. Support for multiple pairing methods is also provided by the multi-valued attribute pairingMethods. In the example below, the BLE device can pair with both passkey and OOB pairing methods.

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111", "displayName": "BLE Heart Monitor", "active": true, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device" : { "versionSupport": ["5.3"], "deviceMacAddress": "2C:54:91:88:C9:E2", "isRandom": false, "separateBroadcastAddress": ["AA:BB:88:77:22:11", "AA:BB:88:77 :22:12"], "mobility": true, "pairingMethods": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension :pairingPassKey:2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0 :Device"], "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey:2.0 :Device" : { "key": 123456 }, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0:Device": { "key": "TheKeyvalueRetrievedFromOOB", "randomNumber": 238796813516896 } }, "meta": { "resourceType": "Device", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/Devices/e9e30dba-f08f-4109 -8486-d5c6a3316111" } } ]]>

Wi-Fi Easy Connect Extension A schema that extends the device schema to enable Wi-Fi Easy Connect (otherwise known as Device Provisioning Protocol or DPP). Throughout this specification we use the term DPP. The extension is identified using the following schema URI: urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:dpp:2.0:Device The attributes in this extension are adopted from . The attributes are as follows:

Singular Attributes

dppVersion:

An integer that represents the version of DPP the device supports. This attribute is required, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

bootstrapKey:

A string value representing an Elliptic-Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) public key. The base64 encoded lengths for P-256, P-384, and P-521 are 80, 96, and 120 characters. This attribute is required, case-sensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

deviceMacAddress:

A MAC address stored as string. It is a unique 48-bit value. This attribut is optional, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default. Its form is identical to that of the deviceMacAddress for BLE devices.

serialNumber:

An alphanumeric serial number, stored as string, may also be passed as bootstrapping information. This attribute is optional, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

Multivalued Attributes

bootstrappingMethod:

One or more strings of all the bootstrapping methods available on the enrollee device. For example, [QR, NFC]. This attribute is optional, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

classChannel:

One or more strings representing the global operating class and channel shared as bootstrapping information. It is formatted as class/channel. For example, ['81/1','115/36']. This attribute is optional, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique dppVersion F T F RW Def None bootstrapKey F T T WO Nev None deviceMacAddress F F F RW Def Manuf serialNumber F F F RW Def None bootstrappingMethod T F F RW Def None classChannel T F F RW Def None

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:dpp:2.0 :Device"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111", "displayName": "WiFi Heart Monitor", "active": true, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:dpp:2.0:Device" : { "dppVersion": 2, "bootstrappingMethod": ["QR"], "bootstrapKey": "MDkwEwYHKoZIzj0CAQYIKoZIzj0DAQcDIgADURzxmt tZoIRIPWGoQMV00XHWCAQIhXruVWOz0NjlkIA=", "deviceMacAddress": "2C:54:91:88:C9:F2", "classChannel": ["81/1", "115/36"], "serialNumber": "4774LH2b4044" }, "meta": { "resourceType": "Device", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/Devices/e9e30dba-f08f -4109-8486-d5c6a3316111" } } ]]>

Ethernet MAB Extension This extension enables a legacy means of (very) weak authentication, known as MAC Authenticated Bypass (MAB), that is supported in many wired ethernet solutions. If the MAC address is known, then the device may be permitted (perhaps limited) access. The extension is identified by the following URI: urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab:2.0:Device Note that this method is not likely to work properly with MAC address randomization.

Single Attribute This extension has a singular attribute:

deviceMacAddress:

This is the Ethernet address to be provisioned onto the network. It takes the identical form as found in the BLE extension.

Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique deviceMacAddress F T F RW Def None

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab:2.0 :Device"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111", "displayName": "Some random Ethernet Device", "active": true, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab:2.0:Device" : { "deviceMacAddress": "2C:54:91:88:C9:E2" }, "meta": { "resourceType": "Device", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/Devices/e9e30dba-f08f-4109 -8486-d5c6a3316111" } } ]]>

FIDO Device Onboard Extension This extension specifies a voucher to be used by the FDO Device Onboard (FDO) protocols to complete a trusted transfer of ownership and control of the device to the environment. The SCIM server MUST know how to process the voucher, either directly or by forwarding it along to an owner process as defined in the FDO specification. urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:fido-device-onboard:2.0:Device

Single Attribute This extension has a singular attribute:

fdoVoucher:

The voucher is formated as a PEM-encoded object in accordance with .

Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique fdoVoucher F T F WO Nev None

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Devices", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:fido-device-onboard :2.0:Devices"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111", "displayName": "Some random Ethernet Device", "active": true, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:fido-device-onboard:2.0 :Devices" : { "fdoVoucher": "{... voucher ...}" }, "meta": { "resourceType": "Device", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/Devices/e9e30dba-f08f-4109 -8486-d5c6a3316111" } } ]]>

Zigbee Extension A schema that extends the device schema to enable the provisioning of Zigbee devices . The extension is identified using the following schema URI: urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:zigbee:2.0:Device It has one singular attribute and one multivalued attribute. The attributes are as follows:

Singular Attribute

deviceEui64Address:

An EUI-64 (Extended Unique Identifier) device address stored as string. This attribute is required, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default. It takes the same form as the deviceMACaddress in the BLE extension.

Multivalued Attribute

versionSupport:

One or more strings of all the Zigbee versions supported by the device. For example, [3.0]. This attribute is required, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique deviceEui64Address F T F RW Def None versionSupport T T F RW Def None

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:zigbee:2.0:Device"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111", "displayName": "Zigbee Heart Monitor", "active": true, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:zigbee:2.0:Device" : { "versionSupport": ["3.0"], "deviceEui64Address": "50:32:5F:FF:FE:E7:67:28" }, "meta": { "resourceType": "Device", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/Devices/e9e30dba-f08f-4109 -8486-d5c6a3316111" } } ]]>

The Endpoint Applications Extension Schema Sometimes non-IP devices such as those using BLE or Zigbee require an application gateway interface to manage them. SCIM clients MUST NOT specify this to describe native IP-based devices. endpointAppsExt provides the list of applications that connect to enterprise gateway. The endpointAppsExt has one multivalued attribute and two singular attributes. The extension is identified using the following schema URI: urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:endpointAppsExt:2.0:Device

Singular Attributes

deviceControlEnterpriseEndpoint:

A string representing the URL of the enterprise endpoint to reach the enterprise gateway. When the enterprise receives the SCIM object from the onboarding application, it adds this attribute to it and sends it back as a response to the onboarding application. This attribute is required, case-sensitive, mutable, and returned by default. The uniqueness is enforced by the enterprise.

telemetryEnterpriseEndpoint:

A string representing a URL of the enterprise endpoint to reach the an enterprise gateway for telemetry. When the enterprise receives the SCIM object from the onboarding application, it adds this attribute to it and sends it back as a response to the onboarding application. This attribute is optional, case-sensitive, mutable, and returned by default. The uniqueness is enforced by the enterprise. An implementation MUST generate an exception if telemetryEnterpriseEndpoint is not returned and telemetry is required for the proper functioning of a device.

Multivalued Attribute

applications:

A multivalued attribute of one or more complex attributes that represent a list of endpoint applications i.e., deviceControl and telemetry. Each entry in the list comprises two attributes including "value" and "$ref".

value:

A string containingthe identifier of the endpoint application formated as UUID. It is same as the common attribute "$id" of the resource "endpointApp". It is read/write, required, case insensitive and returned by default.

$ref:

A reference to the respective endpointApp resource object stored in the SCIM server. It is readOnly, required, case sensitive and returned by default.

Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique devContEntEndpoint F T T R Def Ent telEntEndpoint F F T R Def Ent applications T T F RW Def None value F T F RW Def None $ref F T F R Def None

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:endpointAppsExt:2.0 :Device"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111", "displayName": "BLE Heart Monitor", "active": true, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device" : { "versionSupport": ["5.3"], "deviceMacAddress": "2C:54:91:88:C9:E2", "isRandom": false, "separateBroadcastAddress": ["AA:BB:88:77:22:11", "AA:BB:88:77 :22:12"], "mobility": false, "pairingMethods": [ "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey:2.0 :Device"], "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey:2.0 :Device" : { "key": 123456 } }, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:endpointAppsExt:2.0 :Device": { "applications": [ { "value" : "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316212", "$ref" : "https://example.com/v2/EndpointApps/e9e30dba-f08f -4109-8486-d5c6a3316212" }, { "value" : "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316333", "$ref" : "https://example.com/v2/EndpointApps/e9e30dba-f08f -4109-8486-d5c6a3316333" } ], "deviceControlEnterpriseEndpoint": "https ://example.com/device_control_app_endpoint/", "telemetryEnterpriseEndpoint": "https ://example.com/telemetry_app_endpoint/" }, "meta": { "resourceType": "Device", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/Devices/e9e30dba-f08f-4109 -8486-d5c6a3316111" } } ]]>

The schema for the endpointAppsExt extension along with BLE extension is presented in JSON format in , while the openAPI representation is provided in .

Security Considerations Because provisioning operations permit device access to a network, each SCIM client MUST be appropriately authenticated.

SCIM operations An attacker that has authenticated to a trusted SCIM client could manipulate portions of the SCIM database. To be clear on the risks, we specify each operation below:

Unauthorized Object Creation An attacker that is authenticated could attempt to add elements that the enterprise would not normally permit on a network. For instance, an enterprise may not wish specific devices that have well-known vulnerabilities to be introduced to their environment. To mitigate the attack, network administrators should layer additional policies regarding what devices are permitted on the network. An attacker that gains access to SCIM could attempt to add an IP-based device that itself attempts unauthorized access, effectively acting as a Bot. Network administrators SHOULD establish appropriate access-control policies that follow the principle of least privilege to mitigate this attack.

Object Deletion Once granted, even if the object is removed, the server may or may not act on that removal. The deletion of the object is a signal of intent by the application that it no longer expects the device to be on the network. It is strictly up to the SCIM server and its back end policy to decide whether or not to revoke access to the infrastructure. It is RECOMMENDED that SCIM delete operations trigger a workflow in accordance with local network policy.

Read operations Read operations are necessary in order for an application to sync its state to know what devices it is expected to manage. An attacker with access to SCIM objects may gain access to the devices themselves. To prevent one SCIM client from interfering with devices that it has no business managing, only clients that have created objects or those they authorize SHOULD have the ability to read those objects.

Update Operations Update operations may be necessary if a device has been modified in some way. Attackers with update access may be able to disable network access to devices or device access to networks. To avoid this, the same access control policy for read operations is RECOMMENDED here.

Higher level protection for certain systems Devices provisioned with this model may be completely controlled by the administrator of the SCIM server, depending on how those systems are defined. For instance, if BLE passkeys are provided, the device can be connected to, and perhaps paired with. If the administrator of the SCIM client does not wish the network to have complete access to the device, the device itself MUST support finer levels of access control and additional authentication mechanisms. Any additional security must be provided at higher application layers. For example, if client applications wish to keep private information to and from the device, they should encrypt that information over-the-top.

Logging An attacker could learn what devices are on a network by examining SCIM logs. Due to the sensitive nature of SCIM operations, logs SHOULD be encrypted both on the disk and in transit.

IANA Considerations

New Schemas The IANA is requested to add the following additions to the "SCIM Schema URIs for Data Resources" registry as follows: URN Name Reference urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core: 2.0:Device Core Device Schema This memo, urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core: 2.0:EndpointApp Endpoint Application This memo, Note that the line break in URNs should be removed, as should this comment.

Device Schema Extensions IANA is requested to create the following extensions in the SCIM Server-Related Schema URIs registry as described in : URN Description Resource Type Reference urn:ietf:params:scim: schemas:extension: ble:2.0:Device BLE Extension Device This memo, urn:ietf:params:scim: schemas:extension: ethernet-mab:2.0:Device Ethernet MAB Device This memo, urn:ietf:params:scim: schemas:extension: fido-device-onboard:2.0:Device FIDO Device Onboard Device This memo, urn:ietf:params:scim: schemas:extension: dpp:2.0:Device Wi-fi Easy Connect Device This memo, urn:ietf:params:scim: schemas:extension: endpointAppsExt:2.0:Device Application Endpoint Extension Device This memo, urn:ietf:params:scim: schemas:extension: pairingJustWorks:2.0:Device Just Works Auth BLE Device This memo, urn:ietf:params:scim: schemas:extension: pairingOOB:2.0:Device Out of Band Pairing for BLE Device This memo, urn:ietf:params:scim: schemas:extension: pairingPassKey:2.0:Device Passkey Pairing for BLE Device This memo,

Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank Bart Brinckman, Rohit Mohan, Lars Streubesand, Christian Amsüss, Jason Livingwood, Mike Ounsworth, Monty Wiseman, Geoffrey Cooper, Paulo Jorge N. Correia, Phil Hunt, and Elwyn Davies for their reviews, and Nick Ross for his contribution to the Appendix.

Bluetooth SIG Wi-Fi Alliance ECMA International FIDO Alliance Zigbee Alliance &RFC7643; &RFC7644; &RFC2119; &RFC8174; &RFC8520; &RFC4648; &RFC5280; Postman swagger.io &RFC6241; &RFC8040; &RFC7950; &RFC8995; &I-D.ietf-asdf-nipc; &I-D.brinckman-nipc;

Changes from Earlier Versions [RFC Editor to remove this section.] Draft 16: More DISCUSS resolution: make clear that JSON Schema is not normative Add reference for ECMA for regex lots of typo/spelling error cleanup Add figure labels for examples fix an aasvg rendering problem add some reference targets. Elwyn Davies review suggestions. Drafts 17: * Post DISCUSS hiccup with groups. * Add OpenAPI header * multivalues->multivalued * externalID->externalId * remove nullable (wasn't doing anything) * Update appropriate json schema and openapi accordingly. Drafts 14, 15, 16: * Resolve DISCUSSes Draft 13: * post IANA and IETF LC Drafts 10-12: * additional WGLC and shepherd comments Draft -09: * last call comments, bump BLE version, add acknowledgments. * Also, recapture Rohit comments and those of Christian. Drafts 04-08: * Lots of cleanup * Security review responses * Removal of a tab * Dealing with certificate stuff Draft -03: * Add MAB, FDO * Some grammar improvements * fold OpenAPI * IANA considerations Draft -02: * Clean up examples * Move openapi to appendix Draft -01: Doh! We forgot the core device scheme! Draft -00: Initial revision

JSON Schema Representation

Resource Schema

[ { "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0 :ResourceType"], "id": "Device", "name": "Device", "endpoint": "/Devices", "description": "Device Account", "schema": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device", "meta": { "location": "https://example.com/v2/ResourceTypes/Device", "resourceType": "ResourceType" } }, { "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0 :ResourceType"], "id": "EndpointApp", "name": "EndpointApp", "endpoint": "/EndpointApp", "description": "Endpoint application such as device control and telemetry.", "schema": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:EndpointApp", "meta": { "location": "https ://example.com/v2/ResourceTypes/EndpointApp", "resourceType": "ResourceType" } } ] ]]>

Core Device Schema

{ "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device", "name": "Device", "description": "Entry containing attributes about a device", "attributes" : [ { "name": "displayName", "type": "string", "description": "Human readable name of the device, suitable for displaying to end-users. For example, 'BLE Heart Monitor' etc.", "multiValued": false, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "active", "type": "boolean", "description": "A mutable boolean value indicating the device administrative status. If set TRUE, the commands (such as connect, disconnect, subscribe) that control app sends to the controller for the devices will be processeed by the controller. If set FALSE, any command comming from the control app for the device will be rejected by the controller.", "multiValued": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "mudUrl", "type": "reference", "description": "A URL to MUD file of the device (RFC 8520).", "multiValued": false, "required": false, "caseExact": true, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "groups", "type": "complex", "multiValued": true, "description": "A list of groups to which the device belongs, either through direct membership, through nested groups, or dynamically calculated.", "required": false, "subAttributes": [ { "name": "value", "type": "string", "multiValued": false, "description": "The identifier of the Device's group.", "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readOnly", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "$ref", "type": "reference", "referenceTypes": [ "Device" ], "multiValued": false, "description": "The URI of the corresponding 'Group' resource to which the device belongs.", "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readOnly", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "display", "type": "string", "multiValued": false, "description": "A human-readable name, primarily used for display purposes. READ-ONLY.", "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readOnly", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "type", "type": "string", "multiValued": false, "description": "A label indicating the attribute's function, e.g., 'direct' or 'indirect'.", "required": false, "caseExact": false, "canonicalValues": [ "direct", "indirect" ], "mutability": "readOnly", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" } ], "mutability": "readOnly", "returned": "default" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device" } } ]]>

EndpointApp Schema

{ "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:EndpointApp", "name": "EndpointApp", "description": "Endpoint application and their credentials", "attributes" : [ { "name": "applicationType", "type": "string", "description": "This attribute will only contain two values; 'deviceControl' or 'telemetry'.", "multiValued": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readOnly", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "applicationName", "type": "string", "description": "Human readable name of the application.", "multiValued": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "certificateInfo", "type": "complex", "description": "Contains x509 certificate's subject name and root CA information associated with the device control or telemetry app.", "multiValued": false, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none", "subAttributes" : [ { "name" : "rootCA", "type" : "string", "description" : "The base64 encoding of the DER encoding of the CA certificate", "multiValued" : false, "required" : false, "caseExact" : true, "mutability" : "readWrite", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" }, { "name" : "subjectName", "type" : "string", "description" : "A Common Name (CN) of the form of CN = dnsName", "multiValued" : false, "required" : true, "caseExact" : true, "mutability" : "readWrite", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" } ] }, { "name": "clientToken", "type": "string", "description": "This attribute contains a token that the client will use to authenticate itself. Each token may be a string up to 500 characters in length.", "multiValued": false, "required": false, "caseExact": true, "mutability": "readOnly", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "groups", "type": "complex", "multiValued": true, "description": "A list of groups to which an endpoint application belongs, either through direct membership, through nested groups, or dynamically calculated.", "required": false, "subAttributes": [ { "name": "value", "type": "string", "multiValued": false, "description": "The identifier of the endpoint application's group.", "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readOnly", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "$ref", "type": "reference", "referenceTypes": [ "EndpointApp" ], "multiValued": false, "description": "The URI of the corresponding 'Group' resource to which the endpoint application belongs.", "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readOnly", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "display", "type": "string", "multiValued": false, "description": "A human-readable name, primarily used for display purposes. READ-ONLY.", "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readOnly", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "type", "type": "string", "multiValued": false, "description": "A label indicating the attribute's function, e.g., 'direct' or 'indirect'.", "required": false, "caseExact": false, "canonicalValues": [ "direct", "indirect" ], "mutability": "readOnly", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" } ], "mutability": "readOnly", "returned": "default" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device" } } ]]>

BLE Extension Schema

[ { "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device", "name": "bleExtension", "description": "Ble extension for device account", "attributes" : [ { "name": "versionSupport", "type": "string", "description": "Provides a list of all the BLE versions supported by the device. For example, [4.1, 4.2, 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3].", "multiValued": true, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "deviceMacAddress", "type": "string", "pattern": "^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}$", "description": "A unique public MAC address assigned by the manufacturer.", "multiValued": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "Manufacturer" }, { "name": "isRandom", "type": "boolean", "description": "The isRandom flag is taken from the BLE core specifications 5.3. If TRUE, device is using a random address. Default value is false.", "multiValued": false, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "separateBroadcastAddress", "type": "string", "description": "When present, this address is used for broadcasts/advertisements. This value MUST NOT be set when an IRK is provided. Its form is the same as deviceMa`cAddress.", "multiValued": true, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "irk", "type": "string", "description": "Identity resolving key, which is unique for every device. It is used to resolve random address. This value MUST NOT be set when separateBroadcastAddress is set.", "multiValued": false, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "Manufacturer" }, { "name": "mobility", "type": "bool", "description": "If set to True, the BLE device will automatically connect to the closest AP. For example, BLE device is connected with AP-1 and moves out of range but comes in range of AP-2, it will be disconnected with AP-1 and connects with AP-2.", "multiValued": false, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "pairingMethods", "type": "string", "description": "List of pairing methods associated with the ble device, stored as schema URI.", "multiValued": true, "required": true, "caseExact": true, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:ble:2.0:Device" } }, { "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingNull:2.0 :Device", "name": "nullPairing", "description": "Null pairing method for ble. It is included for the devices that do not have a pairing method.", "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:pairingNull:2.0:Device" } }, { "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingJustWorks :2.0:Device", "name": "pairingJustWorks", "description": "Just works pairing method for ble.", "attributes" : [ { "name": "key", "type": "integer", "description": "Just works does not have any key value. For completeness, it is added with a key value 'null'.", "multiValued": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "immutable", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:pairingJustWorks:2.0:Device" } }, { "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey :2.0:Device", "name": "pairingPassKey", "description": "Pass key pairing method for ble.", "attributes" : [ { "name": "key", "type": "integer", "description": "A six digit passkey for ble device. The pattern of key is ^[0-9]{6}$.", "multiValued": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:pairingPassKey:2.0:Device" } }, { "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0 :Device", "name": "pairingOOB", "description": "Pass key pairing method for ble.", "attributes" : [ { "name": "key", "type": "string", "description": "A key value retrieved from out of band source such as NFC.", "multiValued": false, "required": true, "caseExact": true, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "randomNumber", "type": "integer", "description": "Nonce added to the key.", "multiValued": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "confirmationNumber", "type": "integer", "description": "Some solutions require confirmation number in RESTful message exchange.", "multiValued": false, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:pairingOOB:2.0:Device" } } ] ]]>

DPP Extension Schema

{ "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:dpp:2.0:Device", "name": "dppExtension", "description": "Device extension schema for Wi-Fi Easy Connect / Device Provisioning Protocol (DPP)", "attributes" : [ { "name": "dppVersion", "type": "integer", "description": "Version of DPP this device supports.", "multiValued": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "bootstrappingMethod", "type": "string", "description": "The list of all the bootstrapping methods available on the enrollee device. For example, [QR, NFC].", "multiValued": true, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "bootstrapKey", "type": "string", "description": "A base64-encoded Elliptic-Curve Diffie -Hellman public key (may be P-256, P-384, or P-521).", "multiValued": false, "required": true, "caseExact": true, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "deviceMacAddress", "type": "string", "pattern": "^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}$", "description": "A unique public MAC address assigned by the manufacturer.", "multiValued": false, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "Manufacturer" }, { "name": "classChannel", "type": "string", "description": "A list of global operating class and channel shared as bootstrapping information. It is formatted as class/channel. For example, '81/1', '115/36'.", "multiValued": true, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "serialNumber", "type": "string", "description": "An alphanumeric serial number that may also be passed as bootstrapping information.", "multiValued": false, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:dpp:2.0:Device" } } ]]>

Ethernet MAB Extension Schema

{ "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab:2.0 :Device", "name": "ethernetMabExtension", "description": "Device extension schema for MAC authentication Bypass.", "attributes" : [ { "name": "deviceMacAddress", "type": "string", "pattern": "^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}$", "description": "A MAC address assigned by the manufacturer", "multiValued": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "Manufacturer" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:ethernet-mab:2.0:Device" } } ]]>

FDO Extension Schema

{ "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:fido-device-onboard :2.0:Devices", "name": "FDOExtension", "description": "Device extension schema for FIDO Device Onboard (FDO).", "attributes" : [ { "name": "fdoVoucher", "type": "string", "description": "A voucher as defined in the FDO specification", "multiValued": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "Manufacturer" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:fido-device-onboard:2.0:Devices" } } ]]>

Zigbee Extension Schema

{ "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:zigbee:2.0:Device", "name": "zigbeeExtension", "description": "Device extension schema for zigbee.", "attributes" : [ { "name": "versionSupport", "type": "string", "description": "Provides a list of all the zigbee versions supported by the device. For example, [3.0].", "multiValued": true, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "deviceEui64Address", "type": "string", "pattern": "^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){7}$", "description": "The EUI-64 (Extended Unique Identifier) device address.", "multiValued": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:zigbee:2.0:Device" } } ]]>

EndpointAppsExt Extension Schema

{ "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:endpointAppsExt:2.0 :Device", "name": "endpointAppsExt", "description": "Extension for partner endpoint applications that can onboard, control, and communicate with the device.", "attributes" : [ { "name": "applications", "type": "complex", "description": "Includes references to two types of application that connect with entrprise, i.e., deviceControl and telemetry.", "multiValued": true, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none", "subAttributes" : [ { "name" : "value", "type" : "string", "description" : "The identifier of the endpointApp.", "multiValued" : false, "required" : true, "caseExact" : false, "mutability" : "readWrite", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" }, { "name" : "$ref", "type" : "reference", "referenceTypes" : "EndpointApps", "description" : "The URI of the corresponding 'EndpointApp' resource which will control or obtain data from the device.", "multiValued" : false, "required" : false, "caseExact" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" } ] }, { "name": "deviceControlEnterpriseEndpoint", "type": "reference", "description": "The URL of the enterprise endpoint which device control apps use to reach enterprise network gateway.", "multiValued": false, "required": true, "caseExact": true, "mutability": "readOnly", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "Enterprise" }, { "name": "telemetryEnterpriseEndpoint", "type": "reference", "description": "The URL of the enterprise endpoint which telemetry apps use to reach enterprise network gateway.", "multiValued": false, "required": false, "caseExact": true, "mutability": "readOnly", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "Enterprise" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:endpointAppsExt:2.0:Device" } } ]]>

OpenAPI representation The following sections are provided for informational purposes.

Core Device Schema OpenAPI Representation OpenAPI representation of core device schema is as follows:

openapi: 3.1.0 info: title: SCIM Device Schema version: 1.0.0 components: schemas: Group: type: object description: A list of groups to which the device belongs, either through direct membership, through nested groups, or dynamically calculated. properties: value: type: string description: the unique identifier of a group, typically a UUID. readOnly: true writeOnly: false display: type: string description: a display string for the group. readOnly: true writeOnly: false $ref: type: string format: uri description: reference to the group object readOnly: true writeOnly: true Device: description: Entry containing attributes about a device type: object properties: displayName: type: string description: "Human readable name of the device, suitable for displaying to end-users. For example, 'BLE Heart Monitor' etc." readOnly: false writeOnly: false active: type: boolean description: A mutable boolean value indicating the device administrative status. If set TRUE, the commands (such as connect, disconnect, subscribe) that control app sends to the controller for the devices will be processeed by the controller. If set FALSE, any command comming from the control app for the device will be rejected by the controller. readOnly: false writeOnly: false mudUrl: type: string format: uri description: A URL to MUD file of the device (RFC 8520). It is added for future use. Current usage is not defined yet. readOnly: false writeOnly: false groups: type: array description: list of groups device belongs to items: $ref: '#/components/schemas/Group' required: - active additionalProperties: false allOf: - $ref: '#/components/schemas/CommonAttributes' CommonAttributes: type: object properties: schemas: type: array items: type: string enum: - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device description: The list of schemas that define the resource. id: type: string format: uri description: The unique identifier for a resource. readOnly: true writeOnly: false externalId: type: string description: An identifier for the resource that is defined by the provisioning client. readOnly: false writeOnly: false meta: type: object readOnly: true properties: resourceType: type: string description: The name of the resource type of the resource. readOnly: true writeOnly: false location: type: string format: uri description: The URI of the resource being returned. readOnly: true writeOnly: false created: type: string format: date-time description: The date and time the resource was added to the service provider. readOnly: true writeOnly: false lastModified: type: string format: date-time description: The most recent date and time that the details of this resource were updated at the service provider. readOnly: true writeOnly: false version: type: string description: The version of the resource. readOnly: true writeOnly: false additionalProperties: false ]]>

EndpointApp Schema OpenAPI Representation OpenAPI representation of endpointApp schema is as follows:

openapi: 3.1.0 info: title: SCIM endpoint app schema version: 1.0.0 components: schemas: Group: type: object description: A list of groups to which the endpoint application belongs, either through direct membership, through nested groups, or dynamically calculated. properties: value: type: string description: the unique identifier of a group, typically a UUID. readOnly: true writeOnly: false display: type: string description: a display string for the group. readOnly: true writeOnly: false $ref: type: string format: uri description: reference to the group object readOnly: true writeOnly: true EndpointApp: title: EndpointApp description: Endpoint application resource type: object properties: applicationType: type: string description: This attribute will only contain two values; 'deviceControl' or 'telemetry'. readOnly: false writeOnly: false applicationName: type: string description: Human readable name of the application. readOnly: false writeOnly: false groups: type: array description: list of groups to which the endpointApp belongs. items: $ref: '#/components/schemas/Group' required: - applicationType - applicationName additionalProperties: true oneOf: - $ref: '#/components/schemas/clientToken' - $ref: '#/components/schemas/certificateInfo' allOf: - $ref: '#/components/schemas/CommonAttributes' clientToken: type: string description: "This attribute contains a token that the client will use to authenticate itself. Each token may be a string up to 500 characters in length." readOnly: true writeOnly: false certificateInfo: type: object description: "Contains x509 certificate's subject name and root CA information associated with the device control or telemetry app." properties: rootCA: type: string description: "The base64 encoding of a trust anchor certificate,as per RFC 4648 Section 4." readOnly: false writeOnly: false subjectName: type: string description: "Also known as the Common Name (CN), the Subject Name is a field in the X.509 certificate that identifies the primary domain or IP address for which the certificate is issued." readOnly: false writeOnly: false required: - subjectName CommonAttributes: type: object properties: schemas: type: array items: type: string enum: - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:EndpointApp description: The list of schemas that define the resource. id: type: string format: uri description: The unique identifier for a resource. readOnly: true writeOnly: false meta: type: object readOnly: true properties: resourceType: type: string description: The name of the resource type of the resource. readOnly: true writeOnly: false location: type: string format: uri description: The URI of the resource being returned. readOnly: true writeOnly: false created: type: string format: date-time description: The date and time the resource was added to the service provider. readOnly: true writeOnly: false lastModified: type: string format: date-time description: The most recent date and time that the details of this resource were updated at the service provider. readOnly: true writeOnly: false version: type: string description: The version of the resource. readOnly: true writeOnly: false additionalProperties: false ]]>

BLE Extension Schema OpenAPI Representation OpenAPI representation of BLE extension schema is as follows:

openapi: 3.1.0 info: title: SCIM Bluetooth Extension Schema version: 1.0.0 components: schemas: BleDevice: type: object description: BLE Device schema. properties: schemas: type: array items: type: string enum: - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0 :Device urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device: $ref: '#/components/schemas/BleDeviceExtension' required: true BleDeviceExtension: type: object properties: versionSupport: type: array items: type: string description: Provides a list of all the BLE versions supported by the device. For example, [4.1, 4.2, 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3]. readOnly: false writeOnly: false deviceMacAddress: type: string description: It is the public MAC address assigned by the manufacturer. It is unique 48 bit value. The regex pattern is ^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}. readOnly: false writeOnly: false isRandom: type: boolean description: AddressType flag is taken from the BLE core specifications 5.3. If FALSE, the device is using public MAC address. If TRUE, device is using a random address. readOnly: false writeOnly: false separateBroadcastAddress: type: string description: "When present, this address is used for broadcasts/advertisements. This value MUST NOT be set when an IRK is provided. Its form is the same as deviceMa`cAddress." readOnly: false writeOnly: false irk: type: string description: Identity resolving key, which is unique for every device. It is used to resolve random address. readOnly: false writeOnly: true mobility: type: boolean description: If set to True, the BLE device will automatically connect to the closest AP. For example, BLE device is connected with AP-1 and moves out of range but comes in range of AP -2, it will be disconnected with AP-1 and connects with AP-2. readOnly: false writeOnly: false pairingMethods: type: array items: type: string description: List of pairing methods associated with the ble device, stored as schema URI. readOnly: false writeOnly: false urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingNull:2.0 :Device: $ref: '#/components/schemas/NullPairing' required: false urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingJustWorks:2.0 :Device: $ref: '#/components/schemas/PairingJustWorks' required: false urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey:2.0 :Device: $ref: '#/components/schemas/PairingPassKey' required: false urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0 :Device: $ref: '#/components/schemas/PairingOOB' required: false required: - versionSupport - deviceMacAddress - AddressType - pairingMethods additionalProperties: false NullPairing: type: object PairingJustWorks: type: object description: Just works pairing method for ble properties: key: type: integer description: Just works does not have any key value. For completeness, it is added with a key value 'null'. readOnly: false writeOnly: false required: - key PairingPassKey: type: object description: Pass key pairing method for ble properties: key: type: integer description: A six digit passkey for ble device. The pattern of key is ^[0-9]{6}$. readOnly: false writeOnly: true required: - key PairingOOB: type: object description: Out-of-band pairing method for BLE properties: key: type: string description: The OOB key value for ble device. readOnly: false writeOnly: false randomNumber: type: integer description: Nonce added to the key readOnly: false writeOnly: true confirmationNumber: type: integer description: Some solutions require a confirmation number in the RESTful message exchange. readOnly: false writeOnly: true required: - key - randomNumber ]]>

DPP Extension Schema OpenAPI Representation OpenAPI representation of DPP extension schema is as follows:

openapi: 3.1.0 info: title: SCIM Device Provisioning Protocol Extension Schema version: 1.0.0 components: schemas: DppDevice: type: object description: Wi-Fi Easy Connect (DPP) device extension schema properties: schemas: type: array items: type: string enum: - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:dpp:2.0 :Device urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:dpp:2.0:Device: $ref: '#/components/schemas/DppDeviceExtension' required: true DppDeviceExtension: type: object properties: dppVersion: type: integer description: Version of DPP this device supports. readOnly: false writeOnly: false bootstrappingMethod: type: array items: type: string description: The list of all the bootstrapping methods available on the enrollee device. For example, [QR, NFC]. readOnly: false writeOnly: false bootstrapKey: type: string description: An Elliptic-Curve Diffie Hellman (ECDH) public key. The base64 encoded length for P-256, P-384, and P-521 is 80, 96, and 120 characters. readOnly: false writeOnly: true deviceMacAddress: type: string description: The MAC address assigned by the manufacturer. The regex pattern is ^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}. readOnly: false writeOnly: false classChannel: type: array items: type: string description: A list of global operating class and channel shared as bootstrapping information. It is formatted as class/channel. For example, '81/1', '115/36'. readOnly: false writeOnly: false serialNumber: type: string description: An alphanumeric serial number that may also be passed as bootstrapping information. readOnly: false writeOnly: false required: - dppVersion - bootstrapKey additionalProperties: false ]]>

Ethernet MAB Extension Schema OpenAPI Representation OpenAPI representation of Ethernet MAB extension schema is as follows:

openapi: 3.1.0 info: title: SCIM MAC Authentication Bypass Extension Schema version: 1.0.0 components: schemas: EthernetMABDevice: type: object description: Ethernet MAC Authenticated Bypass properties: schemas: type: array items: type: string enum: - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab :2.0:Device urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab:2.0 :Device: $ref: '#/components/schemas/EthernetMABDeviceExtension' required: true EthernetMABDeviceExtension: type: object properties: deviceMacAddress: type: string description: It is the public MAC address assigned by the manufacturer. It is unique 48 bit value. The regex pattern is ^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}. readOnly: false writeOnly: false required: - deviceMacAddress description: Device extension schema for Ethernet-MAB ]]>

FDO Extension Schema OpenAPI Representation OpenAPI representation of FDO extension schema is as follows:

openapi: 3.1.0 info: title: SCIM Fido Device Onboarding Extension Schema version: 1.0.0 components: schemas: FDODevice: type: object description: FIDO Device Onboarding Extension properties: schemas: type: array items: type: string enum: - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:fido-device -onboard:2.0:Devices urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:fido-device-onboard :2.0:Devices: $ref: '#/components/schemas/FDODeviceExtension' required: true FDODeviceExtension: type: object properties: fdoVoucher: type: string description: A FIDO Device Onboard (FDO) Voucher readOnly: false writeOnly: false required: - fdoVoucher description: Device Extension for a FIDO Device Onboard (FDO) ]]>

Zigbee Extension Schema OpenAPI Representation OpenAPI representation of zigbee extension schema is as follows:

openapi: 3.1.0 info: title: SCIM Zigbee Extension Schema version: 1.0.0 components: schemas: ZigbeeDevice: type: object description: Zigbee Device schema. properties: schemas: type: array items: type: string enum: - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:zigbee:2.0 :Device urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:zigbee:2.0:Device: $ref: '#/components/schemas/ZigbeeDeviceExtension' required: true ZigbeeDeviceExtension: type: object properties: versionSupport: type: array items: type: string description: Provides a list of all the Zigbee versions supported by the device. For example, [3.0]. readOnly: false writeOnly: false deviceEui64Address: type: string description: The EUI-64 (Extended Unique Identifier) device address. The regex pattern is ^[0-9A-Fa-f]{16}$. readOnly: false writeOnly: false required: - versionSupport - deviceEui64Address description: Device extension schema for Zigbee. ]]>

EndpointAppsExt Extension Schema OpenAPI Representation OpenAPI representation of endpoint Apps extension schema is as follows:

openapi: 3.1.0 info: title: SCIM Endpoint extension schema version: 1.0.0 components: schemas: EndpointAppsExt: type: object properties: applications: $ref: '#/components/schemas/applications' deviceControlEnterpriseEndpoint: type: string format: url description: The URL of the enterprise endpoint which device control apps use to reach enterprise network gateway. readOnly: true writeOnly: false telemetryEnterpriseEndpoint: type: string format: url description: The URL of the enterprise endpoint which telemetry apps use to reach enterprise network gateway. readOnly: true writeOnly: false required: - applications - deviceControlEnterpriseEndpoint applications: type: array items: value: type: string description: The identifier of the endpointApp. readOnly: false writeOnly: false ref: type: string format: uri description: The URI of the corresponding 'EndpointApp' resource which will control or obtain data from the device. readOnly: true writeOnly: false required: - value - ref ]]>

Fido Device Onboarding Example Flow The following diagrams are included to demonstrate how FDO can be used. In this first diagram, a device is onboarded not only to the device owner process, but also to the AAA server for initial onboarding. The voucher contains a device certificate that is used by the AAA system for authentication.

| | | | | | | | |----. | | | | | 2 Recover X.509 | | | |<---' cert chain | | | | from voucher | | | | | | | | | | | |3 Add device(voucher) | | | |/HTTP | | | |--------------------->| | | | | | | | 4 200 "ok" | | | |<---------------------| | | | | | | | 5 add identity | | |------------------------------->| | | | | | | 6 200 "ok" | | |<-------------------------------| | | | | | 7 200 "ok" | | | |<---------------------| | | | | | | | | | | ]]>

After this flow is complete, the device can then first provisionally onboard, and then later receive a trust anchor through FDO's TO2 process. This is shown below.

| | | | | | | ,-----------------------!. | | |Limited access |_\ | | |for now | | | `-------------------------' | | | |4 Result=Success | | | |----------------->| | | | | | | 5 FDO TO2 | | |<----------------------------------------------------| | | | | ,-------------------------------------------------------------!. |FSIM, Runtime SSID, |_\ |Credentials incl. | |local trust anchor | `---------------------------------------------------------------' | | | 6 dissasociate | | | |<-----------------| | | | | | | |7 EAP-TLS w/ LSC | | | |<-----------------| | | | | | | | | . . etc . . ]]>